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Analysis of titanium rod die forging process!

Release time:2021-12-17 23:27:53 丨 Number of visits:

Analysis of die forging process of titanium rod manufacturer. Due to the high pressure, the life of titanium rod is reduced. Therefore, when titanium rod is forged by closed die forging, the volume of raw blank must be strictly limited, which complicates the material preparation process.


Whether to adopt closed die forging should be considered from two aspects of interest and process feasibility. Open die forging, the burrs of blank weight loss of 15% to 20% of the clamping part manufacturability waste (if the forging conditions must leave this part) accounted for 10% of the weight of the blank flash metal relative loss is usually increases with blank weight reduction, some asymmetric structure, area difference is bigger, and there are difficult to fill local forgings, Although there is no burr loss in closed die forging, the billet making process is complicated and more transition grooves need to be added, which will undoubtedly increase the auxiliary cost.


Only the final blanks are then heat disposed and machined. Forging temperature and deformation degree are the basic factors that determine the microstructure and properties of alloys. The heat treatment of titanium rods is different from that of steel, and die forging is usually used to produce scrap products in shape and size. It has no decisive effect on the microstructure of alloy. Therefore, the process specification of the last working step of titanium rod plays a particularly important role. It is necessary to make the overall deformation of the blank not less than 30% and the deformation temperature does not exceed the phase transformation temperature. In order to make the titanium rod obtain high strength and plasticity at the same time, the temperature and deformation degree should be as evenly distributed as possible in the whole deformed blank.


After recrystallization heat treatment, the uniformity of titanium bars and properties is not as good as that of steel forgings. The low power is fuzzy crystal and the high power is equiaxed fine crystal. In the hard-to-deform zone, due to small or no deformation, the tissue often keeps the state before deformation. So in die forging some important titanium rod parts (such as compressor disk, blade, etc.), in addition to control deformation of the deformation temperature under the TB and the appropriate level, it is important to control the original organization of blank otherwise, coarse grain structure or certain defects inherited forgings, and subsequent heat treatment and cannot eliminate, will lead to the forging scrap.


In the area of rapid deformation where the thermal effect is locally concentrated, the forging of titanium rod with complex shape on the hammer is carried out. Even if the heating temperature is strictly controlled, the temperature of the metal may still exceed the TB of the alloy, such as die forging titanium rod blank with i-shaped cross section, when the hammer is too heavy, the temperature in the middle (web area) is about 100℃ higher than the local edge due to the effect of deformation heat. In addition, it is easy to form coarse-grained microstructure with low plasticity and durable strength in the region with difficult deformation and critical deformation level after die forging. Therefore, the mechanical properties of forging with complex shape on the hammer are often unstable. But it will lead to a sharp increase in deformation resistance, although reducing the die forging heating temperature can eliminate the danger of local overheating. Increased tool wear and power consumption also necessitated the use of more powerful equipment.


The partial overheating of the blank can also be alleviated by tapping the blank several times. But this is necessary to increase the heating fire, hammer on the forging. To compensate for the heat lost when the blank comes into contact with the cooler die. And the plasticity and durability of the deformation of the metal is not too high, the shape of the forging is relatively simple. Hammer forging is preferred. However, hammer forging is not suitable for β alloy, because multiple heating in the die forging process will have a beneficial effect on mechanical properties. Compared with the forging hammer, the working speed of the press (hydraulic press, etc.) is greatly reduced, which can reduce the deformation resistance and deformation heat effect of the alloy. When die forging titanium rod on hydraulic press, the unit die forging force of blank is about 30% lower than that on hammer, thus the die life can be improved. The reduction of thermal effect also reduces the risk of metal overheating and temperature rise over TB.


When the unit pressure is the same as that of the hammer, the press is used for die forging. Can reduce the blank heating temperature 50100℃. In this way, the interaction between the heated metal and the periodic gas and the temperature difference between the blank and the die are correspondingly reduced, so as to improve the uniformity of deformation, the uniformity of the die forging structure is greatly improved, and the consistency of mechanical properties is also improved. When the deformation speed is reduced, the surface shrinkage rate increases most obviously, and the surface shrinkage rate is the most sensitive to the microstructure defects caused by overheating.


High friction with the tool and the contact surface of the blank cooling too fast. To improve the fluidity of titanium rod and improve die life. The usual practice is to increase the die forging Angle and fillet radius and use lubricant: the burr bridge height on the forging die is larger than that of steel, and the deformation of titanium rod is more difficult than that of steel to flow into the deep and narrow die groove. This is because of the high deformation resistance of titanium. Generally about 2mm. Sometimes burr grooves with non-uniform bridge dimensions can be used to restrict or accelerate the flow of metal to a part of the groove. For example, to make the groove easy to fill. A rectangular box forgings (as shown in FIG. 12) have thin front and rear side walls; The left and right side walls are thicker. When the burr grooves as shown in B-B are used around the box parts, it is difficult for the metal to flow to the thinner front and back side walls due to the small resistance of metal flowing into the left and right side walls, and the filling is not satisfactory. Later, the front and rear side walls still used the burr grooves shown in B-B, while the left and right side walls used the burr grooves shown in A-A. Due to the wide size of the bridge and the obstruction of the damping groove, the front and rear thin side walls were completely filled, and the metal was saved compared with the above-mentioned burr grooves.


It provides a feasible method to solve the forming of large complex titanium rod precision forgings. This method has been widely used in titanium rod production. One of the most effective ways to improve the fluidity of titanium rod and reduce the deformation resistance is to increase the preheating temperature of the die. Isothermal die forging and hot die forging developed in recent twenty or thirty years.


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